About Alloy
Haynes 214 alloy (UNS N07214) is a nickel - chromium-aluminum-iron alloy, designed to provide the optimum in high-temperature oxidation resistance for a wrought austenitic material, while at the same time allowing for conventional forming and joining. Intended principally for use at temperatures of 1750°F (955°C) and above, Haynes 214 alloy exhibits resistance to oxidation that far exceeds virtually all conventional heat-resistant wrought alloys at these temperatures. This is attributable to the formation of a tightly adherent Al2O3-type protective oxide scale, which forms in preference to chromium oxide scales at these high temperatures. At temperatures below 1750°F (955°C), Haynes 214 alloy develops an oxide scale which is a mixture of chromium and aluminum oxides. This mixed scale is somewhat less protective, but still affords Haynes 214 alloy oxidation resistance equal to the best nickel-base alloys. The higher temperature Al2O3 - type scale which Haynes 214 alloy forms also provides the alloy with excellent resistance to carburization, nitriding and corrosion in chlorine-bearing oxidizing environments.
Product Form
Bar/Flange/Plate
Chemical Composition
| Nickel: | 75 Balance |
| Chromium: | 16 |
| Aluminum: | 4.5 |
| Iron: | 3 |
| Cobalt: | 2 max. |
| Manganese: | 0.5 max. |
| Molybdenum: | 0.5 max. |
| Titanium: | 0.5 max. |
| Tungsten: | 0.5 max. |
| Niobium: | 0.15 max. |
| Silicon: | 0.2 max. |
| Zirconium: | 0.1 max. |
| Carbon: | 0.04 |
| Boron: | 0.01 max. |
| Yttrium: | 0.01 |
Property
Haynes 214 alloy is furnished in the solution heat-treated condition, unless otherwise specified. The alloy is normally solution heat-treated at 2000°F (1095°C) and rapidly cooled or quenched for optimum properties. Heat treating at temperatures below the solution heat-treating temperature will result in grain boundary carbide precipitation and, below 1750°F (955°C), precipitation of gamma prime phase. Such lower temperature age-hardening heat treatments are not suggested.
Haynes 214 alloy, like many high aluminum content nickel-base alloys that are intended to be age-hardened by intermediate temperature heat treatment, will exhibit age-hardening as a result of the formation of a second phase, gamma prime (Ni3Al), if exposed at temperatures in the range of 1100 - 1700°F (595 - 925°C). As a consequence of this, Haynes 214 alloy is susceptible to strain-age cracking when highly stressed, highly-restrained, welded components are slowly heated through the intermediate temperature regime. The keys to avoiding this problem are to minimize weldment restraint through appropriate component design, and/or heat rapidly through the 1100 - 1700°F (595 - 925°C) temperature range during post-fabrication heat treatment (or first-use heat-up).
With the exception of the above consideration, Haynes 214 alloy does exhibit good forming and welding characteristics. It may be forged or otherwise hot-worked, providing it is held at 2100°F (1150°C) for a time sufficient to bring the entire piece to temperature. Its room temperature tensile ductility is also high enough to allow the alloy to be formed by cold working. All cold or hot-worked parts should be annealed and rapidly cooled in order to restore the best balance of properties.
The alloy can be welded by a variety of techniques, including gas tungsten arc (TIG), gas metal arc (MIG) or shielded metal arc (coated electrode) welding.
Application
Haynes 214 is a nickel-based superalloy known for its high-temperature strength, excellent creep resistance, and exceptional weldability. It is primarily used in industries where these properties are critical:
Aerospace: Haynes 214 is commonly employed in aerospace applications, particularly in gas turbine engines. It is used for components such as turbine blades, vanes, and combustors due to its ability to withstand high temperatures and stresses encountered in flight.
Industrial Gas Turbines: In industrial settings, Haynes 214 is utilized in gas turbine engines for power generation. It helps maintain efficiency and reliability in these high-temperature environments, ensuring prolonged operational life and reduced maintenance costs.
Heat Treatment Furnaces: The alloy's high-temperature strength and resistance to creep deformation make it suitable for use in heat treatment furnaces. It can withstand the extreme temperatures required for processing metals and alloys, ensuring consistent performance over extended periods.
Petrochemical Industry: Haynes 214 finds application in the petrochemical industry for components exposed to high-temperature and corrosive environments. It is used in reactors, furnace components, and piping systems where resistance to oxidation and sulfidation is essential.
Power Generation: It is utilized in various components of power generation systems, including steam turbines and boiler components. Its high-temperature strength and resistance to corrosion make it ideal for maintaining efficiency and reliability in power plants.
Nuclear Engineering: In nuclear reactors, Haynes 214 is used in components such as reactor internals and fuel cladding. Its ability to withstand high temperatures and radiation exposure, coupled with its excellent mechanical properties, contributes to the safety and efficiency of nuclear power generation.
Haynes 214's combination of high-temperature strength, creep resistance, and weldability makes it a preferred choice in industries where reliability, performance under extreme conditions, and longevity are paramount.
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