About Alloy
316/316L (UNS S31600/S31603) is a chromium-nickel molybdenum austenitic stainless steel developed to provide improved corrosion resistance to 304/304L in moderately corrosive environments. It is often utilized in process streams containing chlorides or halides. The addition of molybdenum improves general corrosion and chloride pitting resistance. It also provides higher creep, stress-to-rupture and tensile strength at elevated temperatures.
It is common practice for 316L to be dual certified as 316 and 316L. The low carbon chemistry of 316L combined with an addition of nitrogen enables 316L to meet the mechanical properties of 316.
316/316L resists atmospheric corrosion, as well as, moderately oxidizing and reducing environments. It also resists corrosion in polluted marine atmospheres. The alloy has excellent resistance to intergranular corrosion in the as-welded condition. 316/316L has excellent strength and toughness at cryogenic temperatures.
316/316L is non-magnetic in the annealed condition, but can become slightly magnetic as a result of cold working or welding. It can be easily welded and processed by standard shop fabrication practices.
Product Form & Standard
AMS 5507: Sheet / strip/ plate (316L)
AMS 5524: Sheet / strip / plate (316)
AMS 5573: Seamless tube
AMS 5584: Seamless/welded tube
AMS 5648: Bar / wire / forging (316)
AMS 5649: Bar / wire / forging (FM)
AMS 5653: Bar / wire / forging (316L)
Chemical Composition
| Element | 316 | 316L |
| Cr | 16-18 | 16-18 |
| Ni | 10-14 | 10-14 |
| Mo | 2.0-3.0 | 2.0-3.0 |
| C | 0.08 max | 0.03 max |
| Mn | 2.0 max | 2.0 max |
| P | 0.045 max | 0.045 max |
| S | 0.03 max | 0.03 max |
| Si | 0.75 max | 0.75 max |
| Ni | 0.1 max | 0.1 max |
Mechanical Properties
| Material | Form | Tensile Strength (ksi) | Yield Strength (ksi) | % Elongation | Hardness HB |
| Alloy 316L | 316L Sheet AMS 5507 | 100 max | - | 45 | - |
| Alloy 316 | 316 Sheet AMS 5524 | 75 min | 30 | 45 | 207 max |
Application
Chemical Industry:
Reaction Vessels and Tanks:For handling corrosive chemicals and acids.
Piping Systems:Used in systems transporting corrosive fluids and gases.
Heat Exchangers:Due to its resistance to chemical corrosion and high temperatures.
Pharmaceutical Industry:
Processing Equipment:Such as mixers and reactors, where corrosion resistance and cleanliness are crucial.
Storage Tanks:For chemicals and drugs, ensuring purity and preventing contamination.
Piping Systems:For transporting pharmaceutical products and ingredients.
Food and Beverage Industry:
Processing Equipment:Including mixers, blenders, and fillers, for its hygienic properties.
Storage Tanks:For holding and processing food and beverages, ensuring no contamination.
Piping Systems:For transporting liquids and ensuring sanitary conditions.
Marine Engineering:
Boat Fittings and Hardware: Such as propellers and fasteners, for resistance to seawater corrosion.
Offshore Structures: Including platforms and supports, due to its durability in marine environments.
Marine Equipment: Like pumps and valves, exposed to harsh sea conditions.
Oil and Gas Industry:
Pipelines:For transporting oil and gas, resistant to corrosion and high pressure.
Valves and Fittings:In refineries and processing plants, for durability and resistance to harsh chemicals.
Drilling Equipment:Components exposed to corrosive substances and extreme conditions.
Architectural Applications:
Building Facades:For aesthetic appeal and durability in various weather conditions.
Handrails and Balustrades:Offering a clean look and resistance to corrosion.
Structural Components:Including supports and cladding, for long-lasting performance.
Medical Devices:
Surgical Instruments:Such as scalpel blades and forceps, for their cleanliness and strength.
Implants and Protheses:Due to biocompatibility and corrosion resistance.
Automotive Industry:
Exhaust Systems:Components exposed to high temperatures and corrosive gases.
Fasteners and Trim:For durability and resistance to environmental factors.
Aerospace:
Aircraft Components:Such as fittings and fasteners, for resistance to corrosion and high strength.
316L stainless steel is valued for its excellent corrosion resistance, particularly in chloride-rich environments, and its suitability for a wide range of applications requiring high strength and durability.
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